Amount to be Included in Income
In cases involving contingent fee arrangements, the gross award/settlement, without diminution for attorneys' fees or costs, should be included in the taxpayer's income. This treatment is in accord with IRC section 61 and the long established principle, "the fruit of the tree" theory, that income is taxable to the person who earns it and it cannot be assigned to someone else.
Taxing the gross amount from lawsuit proceeds has been upheld in Tax Court, as well as various circuit jurisdictions. See Gadlow, 50 T.C. 975, (1968)(Pennsylvania); Baylin, 43 F.3d 1451, 94-1 U.S.T.C. 50,029 (Fed. Cir. 1993)(Maryland); Alexander, 72 F.3d 938, 96-1 U.S.T.C. 50,011 (1st Cir. 1995), aff'g T.C. Memo. 1995-51(Massachusetts); Coady, T.C. Memo. 1998-291 aff'd, 231 F3d 1187 (9th Cir. 2000)(Alaska); Srivastava, T.C. Memo. 1998-362, rev'd, 86 AFTR2d 2000-5104 (Texas); Sinyard, T.C. Memo. 1998-364(Arizona); and Benci-Woodward, T.C. Memo. 1998-395, aff'd, 86 AFTR2d 2000-5102 (9th Cir. 2000) (California); Kenseth, 114 T.C. No. 26 (May 24, 2000). In Kenseth, the Tax Court held that the anticipatory assignment principles require a taxpayer to include in gross income the entire amount of judgment/settlement proceeds, undiminished by any contingent fee and regardless of the state where a fee agreement is signed. The Tax Court expressly rejected the principles enunciated in cases holding to the contrary.