Can the company that let me go in a Reduction in Force, truly keep me from earning a living in the industry I have been working for the past 5 to 7 years?

Massachusetts Law
I was part of a Reduction in Force
There is an existing Employee Confidentiality, Non-Solicitation and Assignment Agreement signed and in place.
As part of my job I was contacted by, or contacted all players in this industry.
My jobs prior to this company, I had contacts with all players in the same industry

Whether the agreement you signed is enforceable is something that only a lawyer who has reviewed it can tell you. It is beyond the scope of a message board.